The Swiss group Blablabor (Reto Friedmann and Annette Schmucki) sound out the different qualities of radio receivers with the radio play "ungefähre" (approximate). "Each radio reproduces the aired information due to its own specific sound quality, thus the "ungefähre“ never sounds the same, but is always also a result of being rendered by differently sounding radios. Blablabor layout their live radio show like conducting an orchestra, in a way, announcing the next radio receiver to be highlighted, and thus introducing the issues (and philosophical notions) of accuracy, approximation, or relativity as well as tranformation and volatility to the compositional process." They are performing this tonight at the Museum for Applied Arts in Vienna.

SilenceRadio.org is a Brussels-based project which offersseasonal issues of ten new audio pieces which intend to question the contemporary mediascape through the field of creative radio. From rough footage to electro-acoustic composition, from field-recording to archive, from noise to silence, from documentary to drama, from politics to poetry, SilenceRadio.org stands as an eclectic and colourful audio bazaar with an accent of manifesto for something we would call the 'art of listening'.

For their next issue, they are launching an open call for remixes of SilenceRadio.org. If you're interested in making a remix out of the existing pieces, feel free to contact them at courrier @ silenceradio.org. We'll publish the best remixes in the next issue. Deadline: 1 December.

Doreen Carvajal paints a grim picture for shortwave radio in the International Herald Tribune.

Next month, Germany's public broadcaster, Deutsche Welle, will end its German-language shortwave broadcasts aimed at Canada and the United States.

The Japanese public broadcaster, NHK, and the Korean Broadcasting System are also reducing shortwave services.

The leading international broadcaster, the BBC World Service, is pursuing a diversification strategy that regards the future in stark terms. "Audience needs are changing and technology is moving rapidly," reads the news service's explanation of its strategy through 2010. "Shortwave is also declining at a fast pace and if we don't change, we will die."

By Tom Roe

In October 1997, a Wall Street Journal front-page profile of Tampa's "Party Pirate" -- who was selling hundreds of transmitters to microcasters around the U.S., and was showing up in the ratings with his own illicit station in Tampa -- was the last affront for the Federal Communications Commission after hearing about thousands of micro-stations avoiding their regulatory scheme.

The next month the agency cracked down hard on many "pirates," including a three-station 6 a.m. sweep with SWAT teams and media-alerted helicopters in Tampa, that shut down 87X, Radio Free Lutz, and Brewer's "Party Pirate."

(And then, a few months later, a legal commercial station in Tampa promoted a format change by pretending to be a pirate station broadcasting from a boat in Tampa Bay. The media thing can swirl full circle quickly.)

Well, maybe we are in for the same cycle. The Associated Press is circulating a story by Martha Mendoza, here in the International Herald Tribune and Washington Post, called "Pirate radio challenges U.S. officials as it proliferates." This is virtually the same sort of overview the Journal wrote nine years ago -- a large, high-profile pirate radio story that will have pencil pushers talking at the FCC's water coolers on Monday and have writers in other cities thinking about their local angle.

After humilating coverage the past week about two reports the FCC repressed or shredded to avoid alerting the public that media consolidation is statistically worse for the public, what might happen next? A wave of "pirate busts"?

The story says, "A record 181 unlicensed broadcasters received fines, cease and desist letters, or had been raided by early September, up from 143 enforcement actions in all of 2005 and 92 in 2004, according to John Anderson," who researches FCC enforcement at University of Illinois, and at DIYmedia.net. The story also says the FCC's 2007 budget includes an extra $1 million-plus to buy "Mobile Digital Direction Finding Vehicles" that locate so-called "pirate" radio stations.

The story is also positive for microcasters, tracking Stephen Dunifer's Radio Camps in Berkeley, California, and public battles for the airwaves in Santa Cruz, California, and Brattleboro, Vermont. The FCC's longtime spokesman David Fiske says, "If there are more enforcement actions, that's because there have been more complaints."

If the success of several microradio activities is a popular subject in the media again, does that mean even more enforcement and larger budget increases? It doesn't seem a likely political distraction for this fall's Congressional elections, but, maybe after this new wave of media coverage, there will be more complaints.

By Tom Roe

After a week when not one, but two studies turned up buried at the Federal Communications Commission, now they are attacking the deaf.

The American Association of People with Disabilities (see below) says the FCC is creating many new exemptions so broadcasters can get out of their closed-captioning responsibilities.

This emerges into the media after last week when the Associated Press reported, "The Federal Communications Commission ordered its staff to destroy all copies of a draft study that suggested greater concentration of media ownership would hurt local TV news coverage, a former lawyer at the agency says." A second, earlier, study that showed similar evidence of the negative consequences of media consolidation was also hidden from public view by FCC staff. Read Robert McChesney's analysis here.

So, perhaps, the government regulators are trying to weaken the closed captioning system because it doesn't just help the deaf watch television, but it also creates text archives of what is said on television. These closed-captioned texts are the sort of statistical data that the FCC could study and then later hide from the public.

From the American Association of People with Disabilities:

On Wed. Sept 13, 2006, the FCC issued one of the worst decisions it has ever issued on closed captioning.... Basically the order grants two requests for exemptions from the requirement to closed caption, a requirement in place since 1996 and that has ensured more and more closed captioning on television.

In taking this action, the FCC states that it is "inclined favorably" to grant new exemption requests to organizations that do "not receive compensation from video programming distributors from the airing of [their] programs," and who also say they "may terminate or substantially curtail [their] programming" or "[curtail] other activities important to [their] mission" if forced to caption.

The gist of what the FCC has done is to open the door to many more exemptions. It appears also the FCC's action creates a rule change that defines a new category of exemption from the captioning rules, cutting the legs out from the current "undue burden" proof currently needed to get an exemption for captioning requirement.

What the FCC has done is very serious. This new interpretation of the rules for asking for an exemption from having to closed caption has far reaching effects that go well beyond the specific TV programming in these two Orders and could extend to any entity, regardless of its resources, if they can make a case that "we can’t afford it" or "it ‘might’ shut us down."

Trampoline Nottingham: Platform for New Media Art Call for Submissions Urban Play
www.trampoline.org.uk
Deadline: Oct. 23 for Nov. 23 event

The theme is Urban Play: The city is paved with pixels, the flow of traffic becomes the flow of bits, the flow of people, the flow of electrons. Streets and circuit diagrams become meshed. The race has begun. Each one of us becomes a player in the game of the city, furiously manipulating the control pad, tapping buttons, flicking switches. Leaping from platforms, scaling the walls – the concrete/media playground is before us. Hurtling around corners, lunging up surfaces, shooting through the streets. Join the rush and surge of the city, find new ways to play the game.

Trampoline invites you to participate in ‘Urban Play’ a one-day event held on November 23, 2006 in Nottingham, UK. Its objective is to merge video gaming, art and design with the investigation of the city space. The structures of the city are increasingly pervaded by new media with screens, cctv, electronic networks, mobile devices, implements often designed to control our movement through urban space and even to remove us from our surroundings. We wish to investigate how new media can form an even tighter relationship with our immediate environment – challenge and subvert its conventional structures – hacking the city.

The Federal Communications Commission has shredded unflattering studies before, it turns out.

Adam Candeub leaked the "Review of the Radio Industry" or "The Media Bureau Staff Research Paper Series" (read the PDF at stopbigmedia.com and listen to the WBAI interview here). "I think they saw their job as to sort of paint a factual reality consistent with what their bosses wanted. And this report was not part of that factual reality they wanted around," said Candeub.

Both studies found that industry consolidation since the Telecommunications Act of 1996 has been harmful to the radio industry. The other study, leaked by a different lawyer last week, showed that locally-owned stations provide more local coverage and services than nationally-owned chains.

We would love to hear some comments back from anyone who has Skypecasted. What is the sound quality like? You need to have a Skypecast account to host it, or to participate? Up to 100 folks can participate for free, apparently.

Please add a comment if you have had any experience with Skyecasting. Thanks.

New Works Residencies 2007

The Harvestworks Artist In Residence Program offers commissions of up to $4000 to make a new work in our state of the art digital media facility. Each artist receives a $700 fee with the balance of the award posted in a' "facilities account" which is used to manage and produce the work. The artist works with a team comprised of a project manager, engineer and programmer (if required).

New works may include the creation of a new video work with a surround sound audio mix, audio recording and mastering of a surround sound piece, the creation of a new web art work and the development of a live interactive music/video/installation system using Max/MSP/Jitter. Up to 12 residencies will be selected (depending on project size and funding) along with two alternates in the event any resident artist cannot participate. Priority will be given to the creative use of the Harvestworks' production facility and the innovative use of sound and/or picture. Emerging artists and artists of color are encouraged to apply.

Postmark Deadline = November 1, 2006

It seems that famed jazz players Les Paul and Earnie Newton may have run a low-power FM station out of an apartment building in New York City in the 1940s, if page 110 of the July 1940 issue of Popular Science magazine is to be believed.

Perhaps with equipment they purloined from NBC? With a cat named Static?

This astonishing story details how the Federal Communications Commission ordered a study about media ownership concentration, and then tried to make it go away when they didn't like the results.

From Associated Press

The Federal Communications Commission ordered its staff to destroy all copies of a draft study that suggested greater concentration of media ownership would hurt local TV news coverage, a former lawyer at the agency says.

The report, written in 2004, came to light during the Senate confirmation hearing for FCC Chairman Kevin Martin.

Sen. Barbara Boxer, D-Calif. received a copy of the report “indirectly from someone within the FCC who believed the information should be made public,” according to Boxer spokeswoman Natalie Ravitz.

Adam Candeub, now a law professor at Michigan State University, said senior managers at the agency ordered that “every last piece” of the report be destroyed. “The whole project was just stopped _ end of discussion,” he said. Candeub was a lawyer in the FCC’s Media Bureau at the time the report was written and communicated frequently with its authors, he said.

In a letter sent to Martin Wednesday, Boxer said she was “dismayed that this report, which was done at taxpayer expense more than two years ago, and which concluded that localism is beneficial to the public, was shoved in a drawer.”

Martin said he was not aware of the existence of the report, nor was his staff. His office indicated it had not received Boxer’s letter as of midafternoon Thursday.

In the letter, Boxer asked whether any other commissioners “past or present” knew of the report’s existence and why it was never made public. She also asked whether it was “shelved because the outcome was not to the liking of some of the commissioners and/or any outside powerful interests?”

The report, written by two economists in the FCC’s Media Bureau, analyzed a database of 4,078 individual news stories broadcast in 1998. The broadcasts were obtained from Danilo Yanich, a professor and researcher at the University of Delaware, and were originally gathered by the Pew Foundation’s Project for Excellence in Journalism.

The analysis showed local ownership of television stations adds almost five and one-half minutes of total news to broadcasts and more than three minutes of “on-location” news. The conclusion is at odds with FCC arguments made when it voted in 2003 to increase the number of television stations a company could own in a single market. It was part of a broader decision liberalizing ownership rules.

At that time, the agency pointed to evidence that “commonly owned television stations are more likely to carry local news than other stations.”

When considering whether to loosen rules on media ownership, the agency is required to examine the impact on localism, competition and diversity. The FCC generally defines localism as the level of responsiveness of a station to the needs of its community.

The 2003 action sparked a backlash among the public and within Congress. In June 2004, a federal appeals court rejected the agency’s reasoning on most of the rules and ordered it to try again. The debate has since been reopened, and the FCC has scheduled a public hearing on the matter in Los Angeles on Oct. 3.

The report was begun after then-Chairman Michael Powell ordered the creation of a task force to study localism in broadcasting in August of 2003. Powell stepped down from the commission and was replaced by Martin in March 2005. Powell did not return a call seeking comment.

The authors of the report, Keith Brown and Peter Alexander, both declined to comment. Brown has left public service while Alexander is still at the FCC. Yanich confirmed the two men were the authors. Both have written extensively on media and telecommunications policy.

Yanich said the report was “extremely well done. It should have helped to inform policy.”

Boxer’s office said if she does not receive adequate answers to her questions, she will push for an investigation by the FCC inspector general.

This article is from Associated Press. If you found it informative and valuable, we strongly encourage you to visit their website and register an account to view all their articles on the web. Support quality journalism.

The sector of wireless communications is today among the most dynamic ones of our global economy, and it brings a major contribution to the latter’s performance and productivity. The extraordinary progress of wireless technologies over the past decade, and their penetration deeply into society has generated both a technology push and a user demand, which meet in the solicitation from researchers further progress and more innovation. Not only higher bandwidth, higher mobility, better QoS are required at lower costs, but also novel multimedia services in order to cope with new societal needs. The integration of a variety of radio access technologies and networks, from cellular to local and personal or body area networks, is thus in the near future projected to provide individuals in the private or professional sphere more and more ubiquitous and rich content access to a wealth of interconnected information systems.

Technical papers describing original, previously unpublished research results are solicited. Specific topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following: Modulation and Coding for Wireless Communications; Signal Processing, Synchronization, Equalization; Communication Theory, Fundamental Limits; Radio Channel Measurements and Modelling; Antenna Issues in Wireless Communications; Smart antennas and MIMO systems; Radio Transmission Technology; Multiple Access Schemes; Multiuser detection algorithms and Theory; Interference Mitigation and Management Techniques; Wireless Broadband Mobile Access; Software Defined Radio & Re-configurability; Network Coding and Cooperative Diversity; Protocols for Air Interfaces and Networks; Transport Layer Issues in Mobile and Wireless Networks; Radio Resource Management; Ultra-Wideband Communications; Cross-layer Design in Mobile and Wireless Networks; Mobility Management and Billing Technologies; QoS and Resource Allocation in Mobile and Wireless; Networks Security and Robustness in Wireless Networks; Spectrum Efficiency Analyses; Cognitive Radio; Power Management for Small Terminals; Mobile/Wireless Networks Modelling and Simulation; 2G - 3G - 4G Migration, Evolution and Interworking; Wireless LAN/PAN/BAN; Wireless Ad-hoc Networks (MANET); Sensor Network Planning and Deployment; Convergence of 3G wireless, Brodcasting and Internet; Heterogeneity in Future Networks; Mobile and Wireless Applications; Location-based Services and Positioning; and High Altitude Platforms and Satellites.

All paper submissions will be handled electronically, following instructions found at: http://www.ew2007.org/submissions.html

All papers will be reviewed by the program committee members. Accepted papers will be published in the conference CD-ROM. The copyright will be held by VDE.

While $37 is still too much to pay for a lifetime without batteries (especially if the move to digital signals makes these fairly useless in the near future), solar-power design is getting better all the time. Supposedly, each hour of sunlight gives you up to three hours of listening time.

Since two cups and a string make up one of the most primitive transmission systems, folks at free103point9 have long wondered about the most efficient cup and string for communication. Years ago, our co-conspirator Jason Wilson submitted this question to The Mad Scientist Network and got this answer from Arnd Pralle Post-doc/Fellow, Mol. Cell Biol., UC Berkeley:

What are the best (most resonant) materials for a string and cup phone?

I am no expert in acoustics or material science, however since it a nice question showing the difficulties to get a practical estimate from basic physical principles, I have tried to find an answer based on physics which can be found in any general textbook.

Let's look at the two parts of the string and cup phone:
The string transmits the vibrations by oscillating laterally. To do this best, it has to fulfill the following:

The elasticy along the string (E) should be minimal while the lateral flexibility (G) maximal. The properties of solids, including metal wires do not show a very large G/E ratio (steel or iridium wires would be best).

However polymers would be much better suited for the task. They should be thin to avoid damping by the surrounding air and it should be lightweight, to minimize the tension necessary to hold it up.

So the best bet seems to be a polymer, e.g. nylon string. I would recommend using a kite-string, the thinnest one available.

The cup of a string and cup phone collects the acoustic wave which causes the bottom of the cup to vibrate. Therefore it is a good idea to have a truncated cone-shaped cup with rigid (thicker) sides that reflect the sound wave onto the bottom. The bottom has to be resonant. The top (opening) of the cup should fit the size of the users head for easiest use. The bottom size should relate to the frequency of human language and the most sensitive range of our ears which peaks around 500-1500 Hz. Depending on the bottom's design, I would estimate a diameter of 8-15cm. Just think about your medium speakers. When one looks at speakers or drums, it is clear that a thin membrane would be the best resonantor. However, the resonance frequency of a membrane depends largely on the lateral tension. Because in the phone the membrane has to support the wire, this tension could not be optimized for the frequency but must support the string. Therefore a thin plate is a much more suitable bottom resonator. Again, similar considerations as for the string apply: either a thin steel foil/sheet would be good, or again a polymer bottom plate seems optimal. Actually, the use of yogurt cups does seem to be a rather smart choice.

Special considerations for outside installation: weather resistance (thermal expansion is so small in normal temperature range that it can be ignored).

Year Zero One is seeking submissions for Terminal01 (T01), an interactive networked art exhibition to be lauched at Toronto Pearson International Airport in the spring of 2007. T01 will consist of a kiosk housing a touch-sensitive screen, an audio-video output, an embedded web camera, sensors and projection screen. Artists will be invited to create site-responsive computer generated work based on their experience and interpretation of air travel environs, airports, mobility, flight data and networked communities. Emphasis will be given to works with a generative component or works dealing directly with themes relevant to travel (space-time).

Toronto’s Pearson International is ranked 22nd among the world's busiest airports by international traffic and receives over 30 million passengers per year. With a current mandate to present a diverse range of exhibitions the Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA) will host the T01 exhibition for a six month period in 2007. Designed by Canadian architect Moshe Safdie, Toronto Pearson's new Terminal One empahsizes natural light and transparency: " In an attempt to demystify the chaos of travel, many details in the building were designed to reveal the workings of an airport terminal." T01 will be an extention of this notion of transparency where artwork reveals complex processes through visual and aural representations.

Please Submit Proposals through the online submission form (Requires Flash 8 plugin). Deadline for submissions is December 1st, 2006. Artist fees paid. T01 is curated by Michael Alstad and David Jhave Johnston.

From DIYmedia.net

Ever since Congress bowed to pressure from commercial and public broadcasters six years ago and severely gutted the low-power FM radio service, its advocates have been working the Hill looking for a way to nullify the intervention. Several tries at passing bills to directly reverse the damage died quietly, which has directed attention toward using the amendment process as a vehicle for progress.

The "Radio Broadcasting Preservation Act" only became law because it was attached to a spending measure. This maneuver is one of the most sneakily abused ways of routing corrupt legislation through the system. LPFM advocates, led by the Prometheus Radio Project, are at least working with an existing bill that specifically involves important communications regulation.

It is called the WARN Act, and its primary goal is to effectively expand the use of the Emergency Alert System to media outlets other than broadcast radio and television - this will eventually include cell phones and other devices.

LPFM enhances the WARN Act by getting Congress to reaffirm its commitment to signal diversity - more stations means tighter coverage of the "National Alert System" network. LPFM stations proved their worth in the aftermath of hurricane Katrina. The relative inexpensiveness of LPFM stations, along with their heightened commitments to localism, make hitching an expansion of LPFM to the WARN Act a pretty powerful sell.

The bill's currently sitting in committee with just over a dozen co-sponsors. No word on how or when an LPFM expansion amendment might come into play, but those laying the groundwork are doing so with optimism.

From Media Network weblog

The London-based independent broadcasting station, SW Radio Africa, has reported the Zimbabwe government seems to have gone a notch higher in jamming its frequencies to the southern African country ahead of planned mass action by civic groups next week. Station manager, Gerry Jackson said that “Recently our mediumwave transmissions were jammed and we returned to shortwave - but after a few weeks this has also been jammed. It would appear that our news bulletin is being specifically targeted. This is clearly because a program of organised, peaceful resistance has begun in Zimbabwe and is also ahead of the advertised protests by the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions, scheduled to begin on 13th September.”

Ms Jackson forwarded to Media Network a copy of a reception report from Harare that describes the jamming:

“4880 is jammed from 8pm [1800 UTC] with a ‘new’ type of jammer. This jammer is extremely severe and takes the form of a siren/car horn sound.Cycles within 5 seconds and its the first time I’ve ever heard it. VOA has been jammed on MW 909 this evening within Harare and that jammer was still on that frequency when this one starts up, so it rules out that jammer. So there are two currently heard.

“At 8:30pm [1830 UTC] this jammer goes off and is replaced by the jammer that was on VOA MW’s 909, less effective but still there on 4880. It still wipes you out, it is a unmodulated signal jammer but effective. You will need confirming reports ASAP from around Zimbabwe on the level of jamming that this ‘new’ jammer is capable of. But I have the unhappy feeling that it is a reactivated SW Gweru one.”

The Media Monitoring Project of Zimbabwe (MMPZ) recently reported the government seemed to be jamming not only SW Radio Africa but also frequencies for the Voice of America’s Studio 7 programme to Zimbabwe. Equipment sourced from China is being used to stop the independent broadcasting stations from beaming back into Zimbabwe from their foreign bases in London, Washington and Madagascar in the case of Radio Voice of the People.

“If government’s threats to stifle what it considers to be illegal broadcasting have anything to do with this development, MMPZ is again obliged to condemn it as a cynical interference with the public’s constitutional right to freedom of expression and their right to access information without hindrance,” said the media monitoring organisation.

Studio 7 and SW Radio Africa emerged precisely because of ZBH’s illegal de facto monopoly of the airwaves and serve as vital alternative sources of credible news for information-starved Zimbabweans who have to endure the blatant propagandist output of the government-controlled national public broadcaster, said the MMPZ.

The MMPZ said the government should speed up the process of licensing local independent broadcasters instead of wasting resources investing in equipment to shut down alternative sources of information.

(Sources: Media Monitoring Project of Zimbabwe, SW Radio Africa)

Quinnipiac University in Hamden, CT recently removed the tower for their student run FM station. No notice was given to the students, as they simply returned to school with WQAQ off the air. According to a campus official the tower was removed "because it was an unsightly eyesore right in the center of campus." They are in danger of losing their license should they not replace the tower within the next year.

One could write Quinnipiac president John Lahey and encourage him to replace WQAQ's tower at:
Quinnipiac University
275 Mt. Carmel Ave.
Hamden, CT 06518

From Daily Wireless

Ubiquitous video surveillence is now available to everyone, says Defeating the Hacker. IP cameras plug straight into a corporate Ethernet network or broadband system, transmiting live video. Many have "PTZ", enabling them to be panned, tilted and zoomed remotely.

Using a search engine like Google, it's possible to locate hundreds of unprotected cameras.

For example, searching Google for inurl:CgiStart?page=Single will bring up dozens of links to Panasonic cameras and, in many cases, pan or tilt the camera. A search for axis inurl:view/index.shtml will bring up sites hosting cameras made by Axis.

Allowing an unprotected surveillance cameras to be visible over the internet is just asking for trouble.

There are privacy issues, for example, in allowing the general public to watch live images of your staff at work. Unfettered access to PTZ facilities make it simple for a thief or shoplifter to divert the camera away from where he wishes to strike.

Robert Schifreen's advice to anyone using an IP camera for surveillance:

Use the camera's in-built password protection rather than allowing the pictures to be streamed to the world.

Once you've set up the camera's securely, test it by attempting to connect from outside your company's network.

A small group of New York Civil Liberties Union volunteers walked the streets of Manhattan in search of video surveillance cameras. This group sought out every camera, public or private, which records people in public space. The NYC Surveillance Camera Project produced a comprehensive map of all 2,397 surveillance cameras in Manhattan. Nearly every square inch is covered with a camera of some kind.

From Boing Boing

An incredibly diverse coalition of high-powered public interest groups, industry associations, and corporations have signed an open letter to the US Patent and Trademark Office rejecting the "Broadcast Treaty," a US-led UN initiative that could do untold harm to artists, tech and telecoms companies, scholars, and people with disabilities.

Under the Broadcast Treaty, fair use, Creative Commons and the public domain would be trumped by the "broadcast right," which would be owned by the broadcaster of works. If you got a copy of a work over the air or over the Web that copyright would let you use (because it was in the public domain, because it was factual, or even because the creator had granted you permission), you'd still need to seek permission from the "caster," who would get a 50-year monopoly over the re-use of copies of the works it transmitted.

The proposal to extend this to the Web could put YouTube, Google Video, and innovative podcaster services out of business, by banning or restricting the way that these companies re-use each others' materials. And if you're a podcaster accustomed to lifting other podcasters' material and pasting it into your podcasts, you'll need permission from the company that hosts the podcasts, not just permission from the creator.

The Webcasting provision has been underwritten by Yahoo and Microsoft, whose advocates at the UN work tirelessly to keep the US on-track in pushing the rest of the world to taking it on board. The rest of the world doesn't want Webcasting, but it keeps sneaking back into the treaty, over howls of protests from artists and major governments.

Now some of Yahoo and Microsoft's competitors have woken up to the fact that they're about to get their lunches eaten for them and have signed onto a letter asking the USPTO to quit handing their doom to a couple of companies.

The letter's signatories are wonderful, ranging from AT&T and Verizon to Yale, to Dell and Intel, and library associations from the medical librarians to the law librarians and more. Also on the list are TiVo, EFF, Panasonic, H-P, the US musicians' managers, and many others.